The Changsha City Public Security Bureau on December 23, 2016, notified Beijing-based human rights lawyer Jiang Tianyong's father-in-law that Jiang Tianyong had been placed under “residential surveillance in a designated location” on suspicion of “inciting subversion of state power”. On 16 December, mainland Chinese media reported that Jiang Tianyong had been placed under police custody for allegedly having “illegally possessed multiple secret state documents, colluded with overseas institutions, organizations and individuals, and is suspected of illegally providing state secrets abroad”. Jiang Tianyong's activism resulted in him being disbarred in 2009.