Writing in Foreign Affairs (July/Aug 2021) Chinese academic and Americas expert Wang Jisi said "In the past decade, the consensus in Washington has shifted decisively in favour of a more confrontational posture toward Beijing" and that "The recent change in U.S. administration has produced a different tone, but not a dramatic shift in substance". He cited the Biden administration’s Interim National Security Strategic Guidance, released in March, which asserts that China “is the only competitor potentially capable of combining its economic, diplomatic, military, and technological power to mount a sustained challenge to a stable and open international system.” In contrast, he said, "the CCP’s official line remains that bilateral ties should be guided by the principle of “no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect, and win-win cooperation,” as Chinese President Xi Jinping described it in his first telephone conversation with U.S. President Joe Biden, in February". He said in recent years "many Chinese officials (have) come to take a dimmer view of the United States. The conventional wisdom in Beijing holds that the United States is the greatest external challenge to China’s national security, sovereignty, and internal stability. Most Chinese observers now believe that the United States is driven by fear and envy to contain China in every possible way". He stated that "Chinese officials are particularly irritated by what they see as American meddling in restive regions of China: in Tibet and more recently, Xinjiang, which have become a major source of friction. U.S. policy toward Hong Kong represents another long-running source of Chinese mistrust. Wang Jisi asserted that "In Chinese eyes, the most significant threat to China’s sovereignty has long been U.S. interference. The CCP believes that all these perceived U.S. attempts to foment dissent and destabilize China are part of an integrated American strategy to westernize (xihua) and split up (fenhua) China and prevent the country from becoming a great power. Beijing believes that Washington was the driving force behind the “color revolutions” that took place in the first decade of this century in former Soviet states and that the U.S. government has ginned up protest movements against authoritarian regimes around the world, including the Arab revolts of 2010–11. The CCP believes that those alleged U.S. interventions will supply a blueprint for Washington to undermine and eventually topple the party". He disclosed that "The CCP has also stepped up its “political education” among cadres and the general public at home and its propaganda efforts abroad" and stated The CCP’s concerns about U.S. meddling in China’s internal affairs have a direct connection to the tension between Washington and Beijing on a range of geopolitical issues". Wang Jisi concluded that "To avoid open conflict, leaders in Washington and Beijing need to accept two fundamental realities. The first is that the CCP enjoys immense popularity among the Chinese people; its grip on power is unshakable. Despite challenges at home, such as an economic slowdown, an aging population, and an imperfect social welfare system, the party’s rule will remain unchallenged for the foreseeable future. External pressures on China to change its political system are likely to be futile and might even backfire by promoting unity and inflaming anti-Western sentiment". He added "The second reality is that the United States will remain the most powerful actor in shaping the global order". He warned that "If the United States and China fail to manage their competition, the world will face division, turbulence, and conflict".